匿名通过本文主要向大家介绍了mysql，分区，路径等相关知识,希望本文的分享对您有所帮助
CREATE TABLE th (id INT, adate DATE)
engine='MyISAM'PARTITION BY LIST(YEAR(adate))
(
PARTITION p1999 VALUES IN (1995, 1999, 2003)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx',
PARTITION p2000 VALUES IN (1996, 2000, 2004)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx',
PARTITION p2001 VALUES IN (1997, 2001, 2005)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx',
PARTITION p2002 VALUES IN (1998, 2002, 2006)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx');
注意：MYISAM存储引擎的数据文件和索引文件是分库存储所以可以为数据文件和索引文件定义各自的路径，INNODB存储引擎只能定义数据路径。
二、INNODB存储引擎
CREATE TABLE thex (id INT, adate DATE)
engine='InnoDB'PARTITION BY LIST(YEAR(adate))
(
PARTITION p1999 VALUES IN (1995, 1999, 2003)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data',
PARTITION p2000 VALUES IN (1996, 2000, 2004)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data',
PARTITION p2001 VALUES IN (1997, 2001, 2005)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data',
PARTITION p2002 VALUES IN (1998, 2002, 2006)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data'
);
指定路径之后在原来的路径中innodb生成了4个指向数据存储的路径文件，myisam生成了一个th.par文件指明该表是分区表，同时数据文件和索引文件指向了实际的存储路径。
三、子分区
1.子分区
CREATE TABLE tb_sub_dir (id INT, purchased DATE)
ENGINE='MYISAM'
PARTITION BY RANGE( YEAR(purchased) )
SUBPARTITION BY HASH( TO_DAYS(purchased) ) (
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (1990)
(
SUBPARTITION s0
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub1'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub1',
SUBPARTITION s1
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub1'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub1'
),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (2000)
(
SUBPARTITION s2
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub2'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub2',
SUBPARTITION s3
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub2'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub2'
),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
(
SUBPARTITION s4
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub3'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub3',
SUBPARTITION s5
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub3'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub3'
)
);
2.子分区再分
CREATE TABLE tb_sub_dirnew (id INT, purchased DATE)
ENGINE='MYISAM'
PARTITION BY RANGE( YEAR(purchased) )
SUBPARTITION BY HASH( TO_DAYS(purchased) ) (
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (1990)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx'
(
SUBPARTITION s0
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub1'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub1',
SUBPARTITION s1
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub1'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub1'
),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (2000)
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx'
(
SUBPARTITION s2
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub2'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub2',
SUBPARTITION s3
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub2'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub2'
),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx'
(
SUBPARTITION s4
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub3'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub3',
SUBPARTITION s5
DATA DIRECTORY = '/data/data_sub3'
INDEX DIRECTORY = '/data/idx_sub3'
)
);也可以给个分区指定路径后再给子分区指定路径，但是这样没有意义，因为数据的存在都是由子分区决定的。
注意：
1.指定的路径必须存在，否则分区无法创建成功
2.MYISAM存储引擎的数据文件和索引文件是分库存储所以可以为数据文件和索引文件定义各自的路径，INNODB存储引擎只能定义数据路径