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现在使用的两台服务器已经安装了MySQL,全是rpm包装的,能正常使用。
为了避免不必要的麻烦,主从服务器MySQL版本尽量保持一致;
环境:192.168.0.1 (Master)
192.168.0.2 (Slave)
MySQL Version:Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.48, for pc-linux-gnu (i686) using readline 5.1
1、登录Master服务器,修改my.cnf,添加如下内容;
server-id = 1 //数据库ID号, 为1时表示为Master,其中master_id必须为1到232–1之间的一个正整数值;
log-bin=mysql-bin //启用二进制日志;
binlog-do-db=data //需要同步的二进制数据库名;
binlog-ignore-db=mysql //不同步的二进制数据库名;这个同步后听说很麻烦,我没有同步;
log-bin=/var/log/mysql/updatelog //设定生成的log文件名;
log-slave-updates //把更新的记录写到二进制文件中;
slave-skip-errors //跳过错误,继续执行复制;
2、建立复制所要使用的用户;
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to test@192.168.0.2 identified by '********'
3、重启mysql;
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -uroot shutdown;
/usr/bin/mysql_safe &
4、现在备份Master上的数据;
锁定后我直接tar.gz data这个库文件;
mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
cd /var/lib/mysql
tar data.tar.gz data
接着直接执行了远程scp;
scp ./data.tar.gz root@192.168.0.2:/var/lib/mysql
5、登录Slave数据库服务器,修改my.cnf;
server-id = 3 //2已经被用在另一个服务器上了,如果以后要再加Slave号接着往后数就OK了;
log-bin=mysql-bin
master-host = 192.168.0.1
master-user = test
master-password = ******
master-port = 3306
master-connect-retry=60 //如果发现主服务器断线,重新连接的时间差;
replicate-ignore-db=mysql //不需要备份的数据库;
replicate-do-db=data //需要备份的数据库
log-slave-update
slave-skip-errors
6、解压刚才从Master scp过来的文件,此处不用改权限、属主,默认没有改变,可以根据实际情况进行修改;
7、上述完成后,可以启动slave了;查看slave状态;
mysql>slave start;
mysql>show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.1
Master_User: test
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: updatelog.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_File: onlinevc-relay-bin.000013
Relay_Log_Pos: 1069
Relay_Master_Log_File: updatelog.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: data
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_Space: 1681
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
8、查看Master上面的状态;
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| updatelog.000012 | 15016 | data | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
由此可见两者的File、Position存在问题,所要要去Slave上设置对应主库的Master_Log_File、Read_Master_Log_Pos;执行如下语句;
mysql>slave stop;
mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.1',MASTER_USER='test', MASTER_PASSWORD='******',MASTER_LOG_FILE='updatelog.000012',MASTER_LOG_POS=15016;
确保 Slave_IO_Running: Yes 、Slave_SQL_Running: Yes都要为YES才能证明Slave的I/O和SQL进行正常。
9、解锁主库表;
UNLOCK TABLES;
到此主从MySQL服务器配置完成,测试结果如下;
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| updatelog.000012 | 717039 | data | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.1
Master_User: test
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: updatelog.000012
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 717039
Relay_Log_File: onlinevc-relay-bin.000013
Relay_Log_Pos: 1222
Relay_Master_Log_File: updatelog.000012
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: data
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 717039
Relay_Log_Space: 1834
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
#################################### 如下是MySQL数据库读写分离操作步骤 ##########################################
此处使用MySQL自己(Mysql-proxy)的代理实现数据库的读写分离;
所需要安装包如下;
1、check-0.9.8
2、glib-2.18.4
3、libevent-2.0.6-rc
4、lua-5.1.4
wget http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
5、pkg-config-0.23
6、mysql-5.0.56
7、mysql-proxy-0.8.0
http://mysql.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.0.tar.gz
别的安装包地址当时没有记下载地址,不过大部分都在这个网站上找的;http://sourceforge.net/
&&&&&&&&&& 安装开始 &&&&&&&&
1、tar -zxvf check-0.8.4.tar.gz
cd check-0.8.4
./configure
make
make install
2、tar -zxvf glib-2.18.4.tar.gz //系统rpm包可能版本低出现了问题3;
./configure
make
make install
3、tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.6-rc.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.6-rc
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make && make install
4、tar -zxvf lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local/lua // 为了把lua安装到/var/lib/lua下,故要修改其下的Makefile;
或者直接执行:sed -i 's#INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local#INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local/lua#' Makefile
root@testmysql [/software/lua-5.1.4]# make
Please do
make PLATFORM
where PLATFORM is one of these:
aix ansi bsd freebsd generic linux macosx mingw posix solaris
See INSTALL for complete instructions.
这处是要你选择服务器所使用的平台;
执行:make linux //此处执行后出现了错误,解决办法在下面问题解决区1处,此处先跳过;
再执行:make install
设置环境变量:
export LUA_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/lua/include" LUA_LIBS="-L/usr/local/lua/lib -llua -ldl" LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/libevent/lib -lm"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include"
export CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include"
5、tar -zxvf pkg-config-0.23.tar.gz
cd pkg-config-0.23
./configure
make
make install
安装完之后要执行:cp etc/lua.pc /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/lua5.1.pc //原因见下面的问题解决区2处;
6、安装MySQL客户端;
因为此服务器系统是默认安装了MySQL,没有安装客户端,我又装了client、devel如下所示已安装的rpm包;
root@testmysql [/software/lua-5.1.4]# rpm -qa | grep MySQL
MySQL-client-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-bench-5.0.91-0.glibc23
MySQL-test-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-shared-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-server-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-devel-5.1.48-0.glibc23
此后的Mysql-proxy时总是一直报错,编译不过去,无奈之下用源码包客户端;(此时的
为了避免不必要的麻烦,主从服务器MySQL版本尽量保持一致;
环境:192.168.0.1 (Master)
192.168.0.2 (Slave)
MySQL Version:Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.48, for pc-linux-gnu (i686) using readline 5.1
1、登录Master服务器,修改my.cnf,添加如下内容;
server-id = 1 //数据库ID号, 为1时表示为Master,其中master_id必须为1到232–1之间的一个正整数值;
log-bin=mysql-bin //启用二进制日志;
binlog-do-db=data //需要同步的二进制数据库名;
binlog-ignore-db=mysql //不同步的二进制数据库名;这个同步后听说很麻烦,我没有同步;
log-bin=/var/log/mysql/updatelog //设定生成的log文件名;
log-slave-updates //把更新的记录写到二进制文件中;
slave-skip-errors //跳过错误,继续执行复制;
2、建立复制所要使用的用户;
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to test@192.168.0.2 identified by '********'
3、重启mysql;
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -uroot shutdown;
/usr/bin/mysql_safe &
4、现在备份Master上的数据;
锁定后我直接tar.gz data这个库文件;
mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
cd /var/lib/mysql
tar data.tar.gz data
接着直接执行了远程scp;
scp ./data.tar.gz root@192.168.0.2:/var/lib/mysql
5、登录Slave数据库服务器,修改my.cnf;
server-id = 3 //2已经被用在另一个服务器上了,如果以后要再加Slave号接着往后数就OK了;
log-bin=mysql-bin
master-host = 192.168.0.1
master-user = test
master-password = ******
master-port = 3306
master-connect-retry=60 //如果发现主服务器断线,重新连接的时间差;
replicate-ignore-db=mysql //不需要备份的数据库;
replicate-do-db=data //需要备份的数据库
log-slave-update
slave-skip-errors
6、解压刚才从Master scp过来的文件,此处不用改权限、属主,默认没有改变,可以根据实际情况进行修改;
7、上述完成后,可以启动slave了;查看slave状态;
mysql>slave start;
mysql>show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.1
Master_User: test
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: updatelog.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_File: onlinevc-relay-bin.000013
Relay_Log_Pos: 1069
Relay_Master_Log_File: updatelog.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: data
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_Space: 1681
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
8、查看Master上面的状态;
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| updatelog.000012 | 15016 | data | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
由此可见两者的File、Position存在问题,所要要去Slave上设置对应主库的Master_Log_File、Read_Master_Log_Pos;执行如下语句;
mysql>slave stop;
mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.1',MASTER_USER='test', MASTER_PASSWORD='******',MASTER_LOG_FILE='updatelog.000012',MASTER_LOG_POS=15016;
确保 Slave_IO_Running: Yes 、Slave_SQL_Running: Yes都要为YES才能证明Slave的I/O和SQL进行正常。
9、解锁主库表;
UNLOCK TABLES;
到此主从MySQL服务器配置完成,测试结果如下;
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| updatelog.000012 | 717039 | data | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.1
Master_User: test
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: updatelog.000012
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 717039
Relay_Log_File: onlinevc-relay-bin.000013
Relay_Log_Pos: 1222
Relay_Master_Log_File: updatelog.000012
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: data
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 717039
Relay_Log_Space: 1834
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
#################################### 如下是MySQL数据库读写分离操作步骤 ##########################################
此处使用MySQL自己(Mysql-proxy)的代理实现数据库的读写分离;
所需要安装包如下;
1、check-0.9.8
2、glib-2.18.4
3、libevent-2.0.6-rc
4、lua-5.1.4
wget http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
5、pkg-config-0.23
6、mysql-5.0.56
7、mysql-proxy-0.8.0
http://mysql.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.0.tar.gz
别的安装包地址当时没有记下载地址,不过大部分都在这个网站上找的;http://sourceforge.net/
&&&&&&&&&& 安装开始 &&&&&&&&
1、tar -zxvf check-0.8.4.tar.gz
cd check-0.8.4
./configure
make
make install
2、tar -zxvf glib-2.18.4.tar.gz //系统rpm包可能版本低出现了问题3;
./configure
make
make install
3、tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.6-rc.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.6-rc
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make && make install
4、tar -zxvf lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local/lua // 为了把lua安装到/var/lib/lua下,故要修改其下的Makefile;
或者直接执行:sed -i 's#INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local#INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local/lua#' Makefile
root@testmysql [/software/lua-5.1.4]# make
Please do
make PLATFORM
where PLATFORM is one of these:
aix ansi bsd freebsd generic linux macosx mingw posix solaris
See INSTALL for complete instructions.
这处是要你选择服务器所使用的平台;
执行:make linux //此处执行后出现了错误,解决办法在下面问题解决区1处,此处先跳过;
再执行:make install
设置环境变量:
export LUA_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/lua/include" LUA_LIBS="-L/usr/local/lua/lib -llua -ldl" LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/libevent/lib -lm"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include"
export CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include"
5、tar -zxvf pkg-config-0.23.tar.gz
cd pkg-config-0.23
./configure
make
make install
安装完之后要执行:cp etc/lua.pc /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/lua5.1.pc //原因见下面的问题解决区2处;
6、安装MySQL客户端;
因为此服务器系统是默认安装了MySQL,没有安装客户端,我又装了client、devel如下所示已安装的rpm包;
root@testmysql [/software/lua-5.1.4]# rpm -qa | grep MySQL
MySQL-client-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-bench-5.0.91-0.glibc23
MySQL-test-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-shared-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-server-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-devel-5.1.48-0.glibc23
此后的Mysql-proxy时总是一直报错,编译不过去,无奈之下用源码包客户端;(此时的