Centos7在Linux下安装Mysql5.7.19的教程（图）

1.下载mysql

2.选择源码包，通用版点击下载

直接下载就可以了，不用登录

3.解压编译

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.19.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.7.19.tar.gz

创建数据目录 mkdir -p /data/mysql

先用cmake编译，没有这个命令需要先yum安装

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql/  #这个是编译安装之后的mysql目录所在地，可自行更改
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/    #这个指向数据目录
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock
-DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql-5.7/conf/
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_READLINE=1
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql
-DWITH_SSL=system
-DWITH_ZLIB=system -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost #从MySQL 5.7.5开始Boost库是必需安装的

编译之后make && make install 漫长的等待....之后就安装完成了

安装完成之后路径/usr/local/ 下面会有一个目录 mysql，这个目录就是我编译安装设置的路径-

DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql/

一般为了安全起见，我们都会创建一个mysql用户和mysql组，执行以下命令

#添加用户组
groupadd mysql
#添加用户mysql 到用户组mysql
useradd
-g mysql mysql

给予mysql权限

chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
#添加用户组
groupadd mysql
#添加用户mysql 到用户组mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

给予mysql权限

chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

4.接下来配置启动向，设置开机启动

配置/ect/my.cnf，如果没有my.cnf可自行新建添加 , 仅供参考

[client]
ort = 3306
ocket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
ort = 3306
ocket = /tmp/mysql.sock
asedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
id-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
ind-address = 0.0.0.0
erver-id = 1
init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4
#skip-name-resolve
#skip-networking
ack_log = 300
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 4M
inlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
ort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
log_bin = mysql-bi
inlog_format = mixed
expire_logs_days = 30
log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log
low_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
low_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log
erformance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestam
#lower_case_table_names = 1
kip-external-locking
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
#default-storage-engine = MyISAM
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
ulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
ort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

接下来就执行初始化数据库语句：

注意 mysql_install_db 已经不再推荐使用了，建议改成 mysqld –initialize 完成实例初始化。

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

这步很重要，如果没有初始化直接启动数据库会报错

ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql/mysql.pid).

如果初始化失败或者报以下错误，就需要先清空你的/data/mysql目录了，因为mysql目录下面有数据所以初始化执行中止。

2017-08-29T13:39:47.241469Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.2017-08-29T13:39:47.241536Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

清空之后再重新初始化

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

接下来可以启动mysql了

ervice mysqld start

登录测试

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -

因为初始化--initialize-insecure 是默认没有密码的所以密码不用输入直接确定就行了；

假如登录报错

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

检查一下你启动数据库成功没 可执行 ps -ef | grep mysql 看看进程是不是启动状态

空密码不安全所以我们还要设置密码，下面命令中的\"root\"就是设置密码区域，我的密码设置为root，可自行修改

[root@localhost local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -e "grant all privileges on *.* to root@'127.0.0.1' identified by \"root\" with grant option;"[root@localhost local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -e "grant all privileges on *.* to root@'localhost' identified by \"root\" with grant option;"

接下来再登录测试一次密码修改成功没有就完成啦！

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