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PYTHON游戏编程外星人入侵的完整实现思路，具体内容如下
准备工作：下载python，比如Anaconda3（64 bit），导入pygame游戏包
1.外星人设置，alien.py，代码：
import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
class Alien(Sprite):
"""表示单个外星人的类"""
def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):
"""初始化外星人并设置其他位置"""
super(Alien,self).__init__()
self.screen = screen
self.ai_settings = ai_settings
#加载外星人图像，并设置其rect属性
self.image = pygame.image.load('images/alien.bmp')
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
#每个外星人最初都在屏幕左上角附近
self.rect.x = self.rect.width
self.rect.y = self.rect.height
#存储外星人的准确位置
self.x = float(self.rect.x)
def blitme(self):
"""在指定位置绘制外星人"""
self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)
def check_edges(self):
"""如果外星人位于屏幕边缘，就返回True"""
screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
if self.rect.right >= screen_rect.right:
return True
elif self.rect.left <= 0:
return True
def update(self):
"""向右移动外星人"""
self.x += (self.ai_settings.alien_speed_factor * self.ai_settings.fleet_direction)
self.rect.x = self.x
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2.游戏主程序，alien_invasion.py，代码:
import pygame
from settings import Settings
from game_stats import GameStats
from button import Button
from ship import Ship
from pygame.sprite import Group
import game_functions as gf
from scoreboard import Scoreboard
def run_game():
pygame.init() # 初始化背景设置
ai_settings = Settings() # 全局设置
screen = pygame.display.set_mode( # 创建screen显示窗口
(ai_settings.screen_width,ai_settings.screen_height)
)
pygame.display.set_caption('Alien Invasion') # 标题
#新建Play按钮
play_button = Button(ai_settings,screen,"Play")
#创建一个用于存储游戏统计信息的实例,并创建记分牌
stats = GameStats(ai_settings)
sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)
# 创建飞船
ship = Ship(ai_settings,screen)
# 创建子弹编组
bullets = Group()
#创建一个外星人
aliens = Group()
#创建外星人群
gf.create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
# 开始游戏主循环
while True:
# 监视键盘和鼠标事件
gf.check_events(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets)
if stats.game_active:
# 移动飞船
gf.update_ship(ship)
# 更新子弹位置
gf.update_bullets(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
#更新外星人
gf.update_aliens(ai_settings,stats,screen,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
# 更新屏幕
gf.update_screen(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets,play_button)
run_game()
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3.设置子弹，bullet.py，代码：
import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
import time
class Bullet(Sprite):
'''飞船子弹进行管理'''
def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen,ship):
super(Bullet,self).__init__()
self.screen = screen
# 创建子弹矩形初始位置（0,0,3,15）分别对应lef，top，宽，高
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,
ai_settings.bullet_width, ai_settings.bullet_height)
self.rect.centerx = ship.rect.centerx # 设置中心点x轴坐标跟飞船一致
self.rect.top = ship.rect.top # 设置y轴坐标顶部跟飞船一致
# 设置成小数进行计算
self.top = float(self.rect.top)
self.color = ai_settings.bullet_color
self.speed_factor = ai_settings.bullet_speed_factor
def update(self):
self.top -=self.speed_factor
self.rect.top = self.top
print(self.rect.top)
def draw_bullet(self):
pygame.draw.rect(self.screen,self.color,self.rect)
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4.设置Play按钮，button.py，代码：
import pygame.font
class Button():
def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen,msg):
"""初始化按钮属性"""
self.screen = screen
self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
#设置按钮的尺寸和其他属性
self.width,self.height = 200,50
self.button_color = (0,255,0)
self.text_color = (255,255,255)
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None,48)
#创建按钮的rect对象，并使其居中
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,self.width,self.height)
self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.center
#按钮的标签只需创建一次
self.prep_msg(msg)
def prep_msg(self,msg):
"""将msg渲染为图像，并使其在按钮上居中"""
self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg,True,self.text_color,self.button_color)
self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect()
self.msg_image_rect.center =self.rect.center
def draw_button(self):
#绘制一个用颜色填充的按钮，再绘制文本
self.screen.fill(self.button_color,self.rect)
self.screen.blit(self.msg_image,self.msg_image_rect)
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5.设置游戏功能，game_functions.py，代码：
import sys
import pygame
from bullet import Bullet
from alien import Alien
from time import sleep
def check_events(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets):
# 监视键盘和鼠标事件
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # 关闭窗口退出
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
check_keyup_events(event,ship)
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
check_play_button(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets,mouse_x, mouse_y)
def check_play_button(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets,mouse_x, mouse_y):
"""在玩家单击Play按钮时开始游戏"""
button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x,mouse_y)
if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:
#重置游戏设置
ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()
#隐藏光标
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
#重置游戏统计信息
stats.reset_stats()
stats.game_active = True
#重置计分牌图像
sb.prep_score()
sb.prep_high_score()
sb.prep_level()
sb.prep_ships()
#清空外星人列表和子弹列表
aliens.empty()
bullets.empty()
#创建一群新的外星人，并让飞船居中
create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
ship.center_ship()
def update_screen(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets,play_button):
'''更新屏幕上的图片，并切换到新屏幕'''
screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color) # 设置背景颜色
ship.blitme() # 绘制飞船
aliens.draw(screen)
# 循环子弹组里面的元素，进行绘制 为空时不执行
for bullet in bullets.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet() # 绘制子弹
#显示得分
sb.show_score()
#如果游戏处于非活跃状态，就显示Play按钮
if not stats.game_active:
play_button.draw_button()
# 显示最新屏幕，擦拭旧屏幕
pygame.display.flip()
# print('1')
def check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets):
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
ship.moving_right = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
ship.moving_left = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
fire_bullet(ai_settings,screen,ship,bul