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本文实例讲述了C#索引属性的用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下:
这里演示C#类如何声明索引属性以表示不同种类事物的类似数组的集合。
// indexedproperty.cs
using System;
public class Document
{
// 以下类型允许文档的查看方式与字的数组一样:
public class WordCollection
{
readonly Document document; // 包含文档
internal WordCollection(Document d)
{
document = d;
}
// Helper 函数 -- 从字符“begin”开始在字符数组“text”中搜索
// 字数“wordCount”。如果字数小于 wordCount,
// 则返回 false。将“start”和
// “length”设置为单词在文本中的位置和长度:
private bool GetWord(char[] text, int begin, int wordCount, out int start, out int length)
{
int end = text.Length;
int count = 0;
int inWord = -1;
start = length = 0;
for (int i = begin; i <= end; ++i)
{
bool isLetter = i < end && Char.IsLetterOrDigit(text[i]);
if (inWord >= 0)
{
if (!isLetter)
{
if (count++ == wordCount)
{
start = inWord;
length = i - inWord;
return true;
}
inWord = -1;
}
}
else
{
if (isLetter)
inWord = i;
}
}
return false;
}
// 获取和设置包含文档中的字的索引器:
public string this[int index]
{
get
{
int start, length;
if (GetWord(document.TextArray, 0, index, out start, out length))
return new string(document.TextArray, start, length);
else
throw new IndexOutOfRangeException();
}
set
{
int start, length;
if (GetWord(document.TextArray, 0, index, out start, out length))
{
// 用字符串“value”替换位于 start/length 处的
// 字:
if (length == value.Length)
{
Array.Copy(value.ToCharArray(), 0, document.TextArray, start, length);
}
else
{
char[] newText =
new char[document.TextArray.Length + value.Length - length];
Array.Copy(document.TextArray, 0, newText, 0, start);
Array.Copy(value.ToCharArray(), 0, newText, start, value.Length);
Array.Copy(document.TextArray, start + length, newText, start + value.Length, document.TextArray.Length - start - length);
document.TextArray = newText;
}
}
else
throw new IndexOutOfRangeException();
}
}
// 获取包含文档中字的计数:
public int Count
{
get
{
int count = 0, start = 0, length = 0;
while (GetWord(document.TextArray, start + length, 0, out start, out length))
++count;
return count;
}
}
}
// 以下类型允许文档的查看方式像字符的“数组”
// 一样:
public class CharacterCollection
{
readonly Document document; // 包含文档
internal CharacterCollection(Document d)
{
document = d;
}
// 获取和设置包含文档中的字符的索引器:
public char this[int index]
{
get
{
return document.TextArray[index];
}
set
{
document.TextArray[index] = value;
}
}
// 获取包含文档中字符的计数:
public int Count
{
get
{
return document.TextArray.Length;
}
}
}
// 由于字段的类型具有索引器,
// 因此这些字段显示为“索引属性”:
public WordCollection Words;
public CharacterCollection Characters;
private char[] TextArray; // 文档的文本。
public Document(string initialText)
{
TextArray = initialText.ToCharArray();
Words = new WordCollection(this);
Characters = new CharacterCollection(this);
}
public string Text
{
get
{
return new string(TextArray);
}
}
}
class Test
{
static void Main()
{
Document d = new Document(
"peter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. How many pickled peppers did peter piper pick?"
);
// 将字“peter”更改为“penelope”:
for (int i = 0; i < d.Words.Count; ++i)
{
if (d.Words[i] == "peter")
d.Words[i] = "penelope";
}
// 将字符“p”更改为“P”
for (int i = 0; i < d.Characters.Count; ++i)
{
if (d.Characters[i] == 'p')
d.Characters[i] = 'P';
}
Console.WriteLine(d.Text);
}
}
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希望本文所述对大家的C#程序设计有所帮助。
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