Android中AsyncTask分析--你所不注意的坑，androidasynctask

Android中AsyncTask分析--你所不注意的坑，androidasynctask

AsyncTask,是android提供的轻量级的异步类,可以直接继承AsyncTask,在类中实现异步操作,并提供接口反馈当前异步执行的程度(可以通过接口实现UI进度更新),最后反馈执行的结果给UI主线程.

本文不分析AsyncTask的使用，它的使用教程网上一搜一大堆，本文主要分析它的内部逻辑和实现，它是怎么实现异步的，它是怎么处理多个任务的，是并发么？？

一、线程任务的调度

在AsyncTask内部会创建一个类相关的线程池来管理要运行的任务，也就就是说当你调用了AsyncTask的execute()后，AsyncTask会把任务交给线程池，由线程池来管理创建Thread和运行Therad。

在Android4.0版本中它内部是有两个线程池:SerialExecutor和ThreadPoolExecutor，SerialExecutor是串行的，ThreadPoolExecutor是并发的，而默认的就是SerialExecutor的，所以你一个程序中如果用了好几个AsyncTask你就得注意了：不要忘了换成并发的线程池执行。下面演示一下，穿行的调度

public class AsyncTaskDemoActivity extends Activity {  
    private static int ID = 0;  
    private static final int TASK_COUNT = 9;  
    private static ExecutorService SINGLE_TASK_EXECUTOR;  
    private static ExecutorService LIMITED_TASK_EXECUTOR;  
    private static ExecutorService FULL_TASK_EXECUTOR;  
      
    static {  
        SINGLE_TASK_EXECUTOR = (ExecutorService) Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();  
        LIMITED_TASK_EXECUTOR = (ExecutorService) Executors.newFixedThreadPool(7);  
        FULL_TASK_EXECUTOR = (ExecutorService) Executors.newCachedThreadPool();  
    };  
      
    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {  
        super.onCreate(icicle);  
        setContentView(R.layout.asynctask_demo_activity);  
        String title = "AsyncTask of API " + VERSION.SDK_INT;  
        setTitle(title);  
        final ListView taskList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.task_list);  
        taskList.setAdapter(new AsyncTaskAdapter(getApplication(), TASK_COUNT));  
    }  
      
    private class AsyncTaskAdapter extends BaseAdapter {  
        private Context mContext;  
        private LayoutInflater mFactory;  
        private int mTaskCount;  
        List<SimpleAsyncTask> mTaskList;  
          
        public AsyncTaskAdapter(Context context, int taskCount) {  
            mContext = context;  
            mFactory = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);  
            mTaskCount = taskCount;  
            mTaskList = new ArrayList<SimpleAsyncTask>(taskCount);  
        }  
          
        @Override  
        public int getCount() {  
            return mTaskCount;  
        }  
  
        @Override  
        public Object getItem(int position) {  
            return mTaskList.get(position);  
        }  
  
        @Override  
        public long getItemId(int position) {  
            return position;  
        }  
  
        @Override  
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {  
            if (convertView == null) {  
                convertView = mFactory.inflate(R.layout.asynctask_demo_item, null);  
                SimpleAsyncTask task = new SimpleAsyncTask((TaskItem) convertView);  
                /* 
                 * It only supports five tasks at most. More tasks will be scheduled only after 
                 * first five finish. In all, the pool size of AsyncTask is 5, at any time it only 
                 * has 5 threads running. 
                 */  
                task.execute();
                // use AsyncTask#SERIAL_EXECUTOR is the same to #execute();  
//                task.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.SERIAL_EXECUTOR);  
                // use AsyncTask#THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR is the same to older version #execute() (less than API 11)  
                // but different from newer version of #execute()  
//                task.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR);  
                // one by one, same to newer version of #execute()  
//                task.executeOnExecutor(SINGLE_TASK_EXECUTOR);  
                // execute tasks at some limit which can be customized  
//                task.executeOnExecutor(LIMITED_TASK_EXECUTOR);  
                // no limit to thread pool size, all tasks run simultaneously  
                //task.executeOnExecutor(FULL_TASK_EXECUTOR);  
                  
                mTaskList.add(task);  
            }  
            return convertView;  
        }  
    }  
      
    private class SimpleAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Integer, Void> {  
        private TaskItem mTaskItem;  
        private String mName;  
          
        public SimpleAsyncTask(TaskItem item) {  
            mTaskItem = item;  
            mName = "Task #" + String.valueOf(++ID);  
        }  
          
        @Override  
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {  
            int prog = 1;  
            while (prog < 101) {  
                SystemClock.sleep(100);  
                publishProgress(prog);  
                prog++;  
            }  
            return null;  
        }  
          
        @Override  
        protected void onPostExecute(Void result) {  
        }  
          
        @Override  
        protected void onPreExecute() {  
            mTaskItem.setTitle(mName);  
        }  
          
        @Override  
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {  
            mTaskItem.setProgress(values[0]);  
        }  
    }  
}  
  
class TaskItem extends LinearLayout {  
    private TextView mTitle;  
    private ProgressBar mProgress;  
      
    public TaskItem(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {  
        super(context, attrs);  
    }  
  
    public TaskItem(Context context) {  
        super(context);  
    }  
      
    public void setTitle(String title) {  
        if (mTitle == null) {  
            mTitle = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.task_name);  
        }  
        mTitle.setText(title);  
    }  
      
    public void setProgress(int prog) {  
        if (mProgress == null) {  
            mProgress = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.task_progress);  
        }  
        mProgress.setProgress(prog);  
    }  
}  

　　2.你想要的并发执行

 task.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR);  

　　当然也可以换成你自己的线程池。

二、源码分析

  1.成员变量：

定义了需要用到的成员，可以根据名字就能知道干什么的

//生产线程的工厂
private static final ThreadFactory sThreadFactory = new ThreadFactory() {
        private final AtomicInteger mCount = new AtomicInteger(1);

        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
            return new Thread(r, "AsyncTask #" + mCount.getAndIncrement());
        }
    };
//存放任务的阻塞队列
    private static final BlockingQueue<Runnable> sPoolWorkQueue =
            new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10);

    /**
     * 可以平行的执行任务！就是并发的
     * An {@link Executor} that can be used to execute tasks in parallel.
     */
    public static final Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR
            = new ThreadPoolExecutor(CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE,
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS, sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory);

    /**
     * 线性执行的执行器
     * An {@link Executor} that executes tasks one at a time in serial
     * order.  This serialization is global to a particular process.
     */
    public static final Executor SERIAL_EXECUTOR = new SerialExecutor();
    //内部交互的handler
    private static final InternalHandler s