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无意中在一个国外的站点下到了一个利用WCF实现聊天的程序，作者是：Nikola Paljetak。研究了一下，自己做了测试和部分修改，感觉还不错，分享给大家。
先来看下运行效果：
开启服务：
客户端程序：
程序分为客户端和服务器端：
------------服务器端：
IChatService.cs:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
namespace WCFChatService
{
// SessionMode.Required 允许Session会话。双工协定时的回调协定类型为IChatCallback接口
[ServiceContract(SessionMode = SessionMode.Required, CallbackContract = typeof(IChatCallback))]
public interface IChatService
{
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = false, IsInitiating = true, IsTerminating = false)]//----->IsOneWay = false等待服务器完成对方法处理;IsInitiating = true启动Session会话,IsTerminating = false 设置服务器发送回复后不关闭会话
string[] Join(string name);//用户加入
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true, IsInitiating = false, IsTerminating = false)]
void Say(string msg);//群聊信息
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true, IsInitiating = false, IsTerminating = false)]
void Whisper(string to, string msg);//私聊信息
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true, IsInitiating = false, IsTerminating = true)]
void Leave();//用户加入
}
/// <summary>
/// 双向通信的回调接口
/// </summary>
interface IChatCallback
{
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
void Receive(string senderName, string message);
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
void ReceiveWhisper(string senderName, string message);
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
void UserEnter(string name);
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
void UserLeave(string name);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设定消息的类型
/// </summary>
public enum MessageType { Receive, UserEnter, UserLeave, ReceiveWhisper };
/// <summary>
/// 定义一个本例的事件消息类. 创建包含有关事件的其他有用的信息的变量，只要派生自EventArgs即可。
/// </summary>
public class ChatEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public MessageType msgType;
public string name;
public string message;
}
}
</div>
ChatService.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Text;
namespace WCFChatService
{
// InstanceContextMode.PerSession 服务器为每个客户会话创建一个新的上下文对象。ConcurrencyMode.Multiple 异步的多线程实例
[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerSession, ConcurrencyMode = ConcurrencyMode.Multiple)]
public class ChatService : IChatService
{
private static Object syncObj = new Object();////定义一个静态对象用于线程部份代码块的锁定，用于lock操作
IChatCallback callback = null;
public delegate void ChatEventHandler(object sender, ChatEventArgs e);//定义用于把处理程序赋予给事件的委托。
public static event ChatEventHandler ChatEvent;//定义事件
static Dictionary<string, ChatEventHandler> chatters = new Dictionary<string, ChatEventHandler>();//创建一个静态Dictionary（表示键和值）集合(字典)，用于记录在线成员，Dictionary<(Of <(TKey, TValue>)>) 泛型类
private string name;
private ChatEventHandler myEventHandler = null;
public string[] Join(string name)
{
bool userAdded = false;
myEventHandler = new ChatEventHandler(MyEventHandler);//将MyEventHandler方法作为参数传递给委托
lock (syncObj)//线程的同步性，同步访问多个线程的任何变量，利用lock(独占锁)，确保数据访问的唯一性。
{
if (!chatters.ContainsKey(name) && name != "" && name != null)
{
this.name = name;
chatters.Add(name, MyEventHandler);
userAdded = true;
}
}
if (userAdded)
{
callback = OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<IChatCallback>();//获取当前操作客户端实例的通道给IChatCallback接口的实例callback,此通道是一个定义为IChatCallback类型的泛类型,通道的类型是事先服务契约协定好的双工机制。
ChatEventArgs e = new ChatEventArgs();//实例化事件消息类ChatEventArgs
e.msgType = MessageType.UserEnter;
e.name = name;
BroadcastMessage(e);
ChatEvent += myEventHandler;
string[] list = new string[chatters.Count]; //以下代码返回当前进入聊天室成员的称列表
lock (syncObj)
{
chatters.Keys.CopyTo(list, 0);//将字典中记录的用户信息复制到数组中返回。
}
return list;
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
public void Say(string msg)
{
ChatEventArgs e = new ChatEventArgs();
e.msgType = MessageType.Receive;
e.name = this.name;
e.message = msg;
BroadcastMessage(e);
}
public void Whisper(string to, string msg)
{
ChatEventArgs e = new ChatEventArgs();
e.msgType = MessageType.ReceiveWhisper;
e.name = this.name;
e.message = msg;
try
{
ChatEventHandler chatterTo;//创建一个临时委托实例
lock (syncObj)
{
chatterTo = chatters[to]; //查找成员字典中，找到要接收者的委托调用
}
chatterTo.BeginInvoke(this, e, new AsyncCallback(EndAsync), null);//异步方式调用接收者的委托调用
}
catch (KeyNotFoundException)
{
}
}
public void Leave()
{
if (this.name == null)
return;
lock (syncObj)
{
chatters.Remove(this.name);
}
ChatEvent -= myEventHandler;
ChatEventArgs e = new ChatEventArgs();
e.msgType = MessageType.UserLeave;
e.name = this.name;
this.name = null;
BroadcastMessage(e);
}
//回调，根据客户端动作通知对应客户端执行对应的操作
private void MyEventHandler(object sender, ChatEventArgs e)
{
try
{
switch (e.msgType)
{
case MessageType.Receive:
callback.Receive(e.name, e.message);
break;
case MessageType.ReceiveWhisper:
callback.ReceiveWhisper(e.name, e.message);
break;
case MessageType.UserEnter:
callback.UserEnter(e.name);
break;
case MessageType.UserLeave:
callback.UserLeave(e.name);
break;
}
}
catch
{
Leave();
}
}
private void BroadcastMessage(ChatEventArgs e)
{
ChatEventHandler temp = ChatEvent;
if (temp != null)
{
//循环将在线的用户广播信息
foreach (ChatEventHandler handler in temp.GetInvocationList())
{
//异步方式调用多路广播委托的调用列表中的ChatEventHandler
handler.BeginInvoke(this, e, new AsyncCallback(EndAsync), null);
}
}
}
//广播中线程调用完成的回调方法功能：清除异常多路广播委托的调用列表中异常对象（空对象）
private void EndAsync(IAsyncResult ar)
{
ChatEventHandler d = null;
try
{
//封装异步委托上的异步操作结果
System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.AsyncResult asres = (System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.AsyncResult)ar;
d = ((ChatEventHandler)asres.AsyncDelegate);
d.EndInvoke(ar);
}
catch
{
ChatEvent -= d;
}
}
}
}
</div>
------------客户端：