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前言
java语言在多数时,会作为一个后端语言,为前端的php,node.js等提供API接口。前端通过ajax请求去调用java的API服务。今天以node.js为例,介绍两种跨域方式:CrossOrigin和反向代理。
一、准备工作
pom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-15</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>spring-boot-15</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.3.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project></div>
pom.xml
App.java
package com.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}
</div>
User.java
package com.example;
public class User {
public int id;
public String name;
public int age;
}
</div>
MainController.java:
package com.example;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* *
*/
@RestController
public class MainController {
@GetMapping("findAllUser")
public List<User> findAllUser() {
List<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
User user = new User();
list.add(user);
user.id = i;
user.name = "name_" + i;
user.age = 20 + i;
}
return list;
}
}
</div>
项目结构如下图所示:

访问http://localhost:8080/findAllUser

使用HBuilder创建node.js express项目:

选择ejs模板引擎:

index.ejs文件代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>
<%= title %>
</title>
<link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.5.6/angular.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var app = angular.module('app', []);
app.controller('MainController', function($rootScope, $scope, $http) {
$http({
method: 'GET',
url: 'http://localhost:8080/findAllUser'
}).then(function successCallback(r) {
$scope.rows = r.data;
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body ng-app="app" ng-controller="MainController">
<h1><%= title %></h1>
<p>Welcome to
<%= title %>
</p>
<br />
<table>
<tr ng-repeat="row in rows">
<td>{{row.id}}</td>
<td>{{row.name}}</td>
<td>{{row.age}}</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
</div>
通过angular.js的http方法调用api请求
右键运行项目:

运行效果:

发现调用ajax请求时跨域失败。
二、spring boot后台设置允许跨域
这时,修改MainController类,在方法前加@CrossOrigin注解:
/**
*
*
*/
@RestController
public class MainController {
@CrossOrigin(origins = "http://localhost:3000")
@GetMapping("findAllUser")
public List<User> findAllUser() {
List<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
User user = new User();
list.add(user);
user.id = i;
user.name = "name_" + i;
user.age = 20 + i;
}
return list;
}
}
</div>
这是声明findAllUser方法允许跨域,
也可以修改App.java,来实现全局跨域:
package com.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
@Bean
public WebMvcConfigurer corsConfigurer() {
return new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
registry.addMapping("/**").allowedOrigins("http://localhost:3000");
}
};
}
}
</div>
registry.addMapping("/**"):为根目录的全部请求,也可以设置为"/user/**",这意味着是user目录下的所有请求。
在访问http://localhost:3000,效果如下:

三、通过node.js的方向代理实现跨域
node.js提供了一些反向代理的中间件,能轻而易举的实现跨域,而不需要spring boot做任何设置。
安装express-http-proxy中间件

