今天来完成jQuery实战的级联下拉框效果。效果功能如下: 

页面默认只提供汽车厂商,当选择了具体的某品牌汽车,汽车类型下拉框就会动态的显示出来,选择对应的类型,然后出来该汽车类型对应的轮胎类型下拉框显示出来,选中轮胎类型,页面的正中间会显示出汽车的图片。 
思路分析如图: 

建立我们的html页面,程序清单如下:
代码清单1.1: chainSelect.jsp
<body> <div class="loading"> <p><img src="../image/data-loading.gif" alt="数据装载中" /></p> <p>数据装载中......</p> </div> <div class="car"> <span class="carname"> 汽车厂商: <select> <option value="" selected="selected">请选择汽车厂商</option> <option value="BMW">宝马</option> <option value="Audi">奥迪</option> <option value="VW">大众</option> </select> <img src="../image/pfeil.gif" alt="有数据"> </span> <span class="cartype"> 汽车类型: <select> <option selected="selected">默认选项</option> <option>Test1</option> </select> <img alt="有数据" src="../image/pfeil.gif"> </span> <span class="wheeltype"> 车轮类型: <select> <option selected="selected">默认选项</option> <option>Test1</option> </select> </span> </div> <div class="carimage"> <p><img src="../image/img-loading.gif" alt="图片装载中" class="carloading"></p> <p><img src="" alt="汽车图片" class="carimg"></p> </div> </body></div>
body体里面囊括了3个div,第一个div的作用是显示“数据正在装载中…”的图片和文字。第二个div显示级联下拉效果。第三个div显示车辆图片。
css代码如下:
代码清单1.2:chainSelect.css
.loading {
 width: 400px;
 margin: 0 auto;
/* visibility: hidden; */
}
.loading p {
 text-align: center;
}
p {
 margin: 0;
}
.car {
 text-align: center;
}
.carimage {
 text-align: center;
}
.cartype, .wheeltype, .carloading, .carimg, .car img {
 display: none;
}
</div>
代码清单1.3:chainSelect.js
$(document).ready(function(){
 //找到三个下拉框
 var carnameSelect = $(".carname").children("select");
 var cartypeSelect = $(".cartype").children("select");
 var wheeltypeSelect = $(".wheeltype").children("select");
 carnameSelect.change(function(){
 console.log("汽车厂商触发onChange事件");
 });
 cartypeSelect.change(function(){
 console.log("汽车类型触发onChange事件");
 });
 wheeltypeSelect.change(function(){
 console.log("车轮触发onChange事件");
 });
});
</div>
首先用jQuery的class选择器选择出三个下拉的框,当它们的值改变时触发对应的jQuery函数,对jQuery函数的处理才是重点的内容。 
首先说到jQuery中的ajax交互。前一篇我们用到get()的请求方式,今天来用以用post()方法的请求方式。
jQuery.post(url, [data], [callback], [type])
概述:
通过远程 HTTP POST 请求载入信息.这是一个简单的 POST 请求功 
能以取代复杂ajax() 。请求成功时可调>用回调函数。如果需要在出错时执行函数,请使用 $.ajax。
参数含义:
url:发送请求地址。 
data:待发送 Key/value 参数。 
callback:发送成功时回调函数。 
type:返回内容格式,xml, html, script, json, text, _default。
案例如下:
代码清单1.4:demo.js
$(document).ready(function(){
 //发起ajax请求
 $.post("../chainSelect", {name: "John", time: "2pm"}, function(data){
 console.log("name : " + data.name);
 console.log("type : " + data.type);
 }, "json");
});
</div>
后台Serlvet处理如下(当然你可以使用java框架,也可以使用其他后台语言)。
代码清单1.5:demo.java
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ChainSelect extends HttpServlet {
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
 throws ServletException, IOException {
 System.out.println("name = " + request.getParameter("name"));
 System.out.println("time = " + request.getParameter("time"));
 response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
 response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
 String jsonStr = "{\"name\":\"fly\",\"type\":\"虫子\"}";
 PrintWriter out = null;
 try {
 out = response.getWriter();
 out.write(jsonStr);
 } catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 if (out != null) {
 out.close();
 }
 }
 }
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
 throws ServletException, IOException {
 doGet(request, response);
 }
}
</div>
别忘了纯Serlvet部属要在你的web.xml做配置。我的Serlvet的完整路进地址是:http://localhost:8080/JqueryStudy/chainSelect ,两句System.out.println()输出ajax传递过来的参数name和time。response.setCharacterEncoding(“UTF-8”)的作用是告诉浏览器字符串为utf-8的编码,防止中文乱码问题。response.setContentType(“application/json; charset=utf-8”)将返回的字符串以json格式形式返回。out对象是输出流,如果返回的是数组,格式应该如下:[“test1”, “test2”, “test3”],如果是json类,则格式如下:{“name”:”fly”,”type”:”虫子”}。
上诉案例返回的是json对象,后台控制台输出:
name = John 
time = 2pm
前端浏览器的控制台输出:
name : fly 
type : 虫子
Servlet返回数组的案例如下:
代码清单1.6:demo.java
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ChainSelect extends HttpServlet {
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
 throws ServletException, IOException {
 System.out.println("name = " + request.getParameter("name"));
 System.out.println("time = " + request.getParameter("time"));
 response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
 response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
 String jsonStr = "[\"test1\", \"test2\", \"test3\"]";
 PrintWriter out = null;
 try {
 out = response.getWriter();
 out.write(jsonStr);
 } catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 if (out != null) {
 out.close();
 }
 }
 }
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
 throws ServletException, IOException {
 doGet(request, response);
 }
}
</div>
前端jQuery代码:
$(document).ready(function(){
 //发起ajax请求
 $.post("../chainSelect", {name: "John", time: "2pm"}, function(data){
 for(var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
 console.log((i+1) + " : " + data[i]);
 }
 }, "json");
});
</div>
后台之需要

